Continuous cropping techniques for continuous cropping of late rice

Developing food production and expanding the sown area of ​​grain is the basis. According to the analysis of the current situation in our city, we must expand the area of ​​grain, the potential is in early rice, and the difficulties are in continuous cropping of late rice, especially the continuous cropping of late rice. The highlights are the high temperatures during the “three summers” period, the tight season, the difficulty in hiring workers, and the wages. High, there is an embarrassing phenomenon that the area of ​​grain and agricultural grain is increased, the output is increased, the cost is greatly increased, and the efficiency is reduced. From the perspective of exploration and practice in previous years, the application of continuous rice-synthetic rice-transplanting technology can effectively solve the above-mentioned problems. However, the continuous standardized rice-free seedling technology for continuous cropping late rice is more prosperous and easy to learn. It is worth further demonstration and promotion throughout the country. Improve and improve. The outlines of the simple standardized non-distribution breeding techniques for continuous cropping late rice are described below.

First, suitable varieties

Implementation of continuous cropping late rice mechanical transplanting requires higher varieties, generally requires ripening mid-early ripening, late seeding resistance, seedling high temperature resistance performance, age elasticity, rapid growth after the insertion, strong tiller, culm resistance, Large spikes and many grains, high seed setting rate, good disease resistance, and strong cold resistance in the later period, ensure that there is no "Alice head" (commonly known as "closed"). According to local observations, Jiayou No. 2, Xiushui No. 03, and Ning 88 performed well.

Second, sowing the link

1, grasp the sowing date

According to the early rice harvest season, sooner or later to determine the time for continuous cropping of late rice, this is the difficulty and the key point for successive rice transplanting. According to the principle of continuous cropping of late rice for 15 days, the general sowing date is 13 to 15 days before the early rice harvest. At the same time, the characteristics of varieties and the size of mechanical transplanting should also be considered. Seedling height control in 12 ~ 15 cm, seedlings too long, too short will affect the quality and speed of mechanical transplanting.

2, fine to do seesaw

(1) Weeding and cleaning. Before we go to paddies, weeds should be removed.

(2) Make a seesaw. The seesaw width is about 1.5 meters, and the seesaw is harder, so no-tillage can be used. The wide selection of the trenches depends on the local and indigenous soil types. If you choose to use the homeland, it should be a little wider, depending on the width of the cultivator. Use a rotary cultivator to go back and forth several times to make some mud; some amount of basal fertilizer (45% compound fertilizer 20-30 kg) will be applied to the rake in advance. Seedlings (basic fertilizers are no longer used with strong agents, the two are selected), until the sink. However, organic fertilizers cannot be applied to prevent burning roots. The boring board is required to be hard and flat but without hard block impurities.

(3) Laying the frame. Can be used about 2 cm thick hardware such as aluminum alloy slivers placed on both sides of the sampan (Folding only about 7 meters of aluminum alloy slivers per mu of field, the value of about 41 yuan, can be used repeatedly. Can also use other alternative materials) The width of the seesaw in the hardware frame is kept at 1.2 meters, which is equivalent to the length of the two pallets.

(4) Pavement film. The immersion hole (4 cm 4 cm) of the mulch film that was previously drilled with an electric drill is laid on the sampan plate in the aluminum alloy frame. The mulch film should be laid as far as possible, and the mulch and the aluminum alloy corners should be laid in a “right angle shape”.

(5) Take the soil board. First apply Zhuangjing agent 20 kg/mu on the porous membrane. Then take the earth to board, both domestic and foreign soil can choose. Use local wire mesh with a screen size of 1.5 cm or 1.5 cm to make a screen that grows 1.5 meters wide by 1.2 meters and is fixed with a wooden strip around it. Place it flat on the aluminum slivers that have been laid. On the loach, go through miscellaneous screening until the soil level with the aluminum alloy sliver is high (if the water content is high, more points must be put up to ensure that the thickness reaches 2 cm) until the soil is completely precipitated and then sown. If you choose to use custom soil, you must dry it in advance, smash it, sifted it and use it again. At the same time, after filling the soil, you should add water to the sampan plate to make it ooze water and ensure that the thickness of the soil layer reaches 2 cm. Speed ​​and quality).

3, precision seeding

(1) Quantitative precision seeding. According to the characteristics of different varieties and germination rate, the amount of seed used and the amount of seedlings in Daejeon to determine the amount of seeding, continuous cropping of late rice generally requires about 5 square meters per mu of farmland to be cultivated. 25 to 30 plates). Before sowing, seeds should be soaked and disinfected with pharmacological agents. Then the germinated buds (at least the dew-breaking dew) should be scaled and evenly seeded.

(2) Collapse into the mud. After the seeds are sown, they will fall into the mud, but the muddy seedling buds and valleys are not easy to collapse. With land and soil, we must also cover dry soil.

(3) Coverage protection. After sowing or soil covering, 30 grams of non-woven cloth can be used to cover the rocker for about a week. Care should be taken to prevent rain and mud from sprouting. Non-woven cover is conducive to heat preservation and preservation of seedlings, disease prevention and control of sparrows.

Third, Putian management

Cultivating strong and thriving is not only a requirement of conventional breeding, but also a requirement for simple and standardized breeding. The quality of seedlings is directly related to the efficiency of mechanical transplanting and the quality of field. The high quality of seedlings and the good quality of rice transplanting are beneficial to shortening the time of livelihood of green field in Datian and fully satisfying the conditions of its vegetative growth period, which is conducive to the formation of high-yielding groups with large spikes and multiple ears. The management of Putian period mainly focuses on the following four items:

1, keep moisture. Due to the high temperature during continuous breeding of late rice, it is necessary to prevent scalding roots. According to the weather, soil and moisture status of the fascia board, scientific water management should be carried out to prevent scald and water loss, to achieve moist and not rolling leaves, to meet the water requirements for different periods of the seedling stage, so that it can be sunny and flat, and cloudy. Half ditch water and rain drain water.

2, fertilization material. Due to the short age of seedlings cultivated by standardized seedlings, basal fertilizers or strong hoeing agents are generally applied in paddy fields, and fertilization materials may not be necessary in the middle. Wait about 1 day before the start of planting to get up and build a fertilizer. Choose to use 2 to 3 kg of urea per acre or flooding with water in the ditch. To prevent premature fertilization in advance, it is also necessary to prevent burning seedlings.

3, high control seedlings. The high temperature during the continuous cropping of late rice seedlings and the rapid growth of the seedlings can easily lead to leggy. Generally, paclobutrazol is sprayed at a concentration of about 200PPM in one leaf stage of the seedlings in order to control the seedlings to cultivate strong seedlings, and no paclobutrazol control seedlings are applied to the seedlings that have been applied with strong seedlings.

4, pest prevention. Due to the higher density of standardized breeding and the small age of seedlings, we must pay attention to the occurrence of diseases and pests in the field and the pest information of the measurement and reporting department, strengthen observation, and timely control.

Fourth, timely lifting

1, drain ditch water. Before raising the seedlings, drain the ditch water more than one day in advance in accordance with the climate and soil condition at the time so as to facilitate picking up and ensure the quality of the machine plug.

2, fixed grid block. Before raising seedlings, as the transplanter type (7-inch row, 9-inch and other models) with a ruler and paper knife will be cut into pieces (7-inch, 9-inch and other different specifications) to be raised.

3, from the plug inserted. Cut through the block can be raised, rolled into a tube (similar to a lawn transplant), while removing the bottom film, you can transport and insert. At the same time, attention should be paid to the collection of the base film to reduce the pollution caused by the optional disposal of the base film.

V. Daejeon Management

Refer to Mechanical Transplanting Field Management Technology. In accordance with the management requirements for transplanting small seedlings or throwing stubble fields, especially for the early weeding, we must use the herbicides with good safety to control weeds.